Described to
me variously as; ‘that soulless city’, a ‘shuddering vacuum of Australian
ennui’ and, more succinctly, ‘the Hole’, my expectations were understandably
high for my first trip to Our Nation’s Capital.
Strictly
speaking, I have actually been to Canberra before. Like many Sydneysiders I’ve
driven through it on the way back from the snow. It’s worth noting that
mid-winter Canberra at 3am bears up remarkably well compared to mid-winter
Cooma at 2am. This time however, I was in for the long haul, a two month
contract in the City of Circles.
At the end of my first week I found
myself engaged in Canberran gardening – excavating a pile of half-frozen mail
off the driveway. A glossy promotional brochure earnestly informing me that
“Canberra is Unique” clattered to the ground. And at the end of a
bone-chilling, sour-skyed week in August, I had to agree. It was hard to think
of any other city that has managed to harness complete soul-destroying banality
with such pitch-perfect virtuosity. And yet I’m still struggling to put a
finger on precisely where it’s all gone wrong.
But I’ll give it a stab.
Let’s begin with Glebe Park. Glebe Park is a highly manicured, English
style ‘green’ that lies adjacent to the carefully delineated Civic Centre (yes,
that is a proper noun). The sign at the park’s entrance functions as a cultural
lodestone, that is, it tells you everything you will ever need to know about this
park, but also the city it lies within. A numbered list of suggestions tells
the visitor how the park should be used. For instance you could, “Have a
picnic” (Fig. 1.1) or “Take a walk”. The instructions are reasonably
comprehensive, although on the day I was there I noted a couple of glaringly
obvious omissions, such as;
– Build an
ice-cave
– Experiment
with computational fluid dynamics in the Rudd Wind Tunnel (circling the
rotunda. Bring gloves).
– Enjoy the
only architecturally designed toilet facilities visible from space, for those
celebratory Devil-May-Care reach-arounds (again, gloves a must).
Glebe Park’s fulsome signage
tells us more about Canberra than simply how to eat a sandwich. It hints at the
city’s broader predicament, the reason for its unsettling quietude. The sign
vindicates the truism that urban planning is more art than science. Of course,
all Australian cities contain ‘planned parks’, they’re just less proscriptive,
designed to accommodate a range of pleasurable activities, rather than dictate
them in long-form. This helps citizens avoid the feeling that they’re living in
a dishwasher manual.
In most cities, human activity en
masse interacts with planning in symbiosis: the people make the city, the
city shapes the actions of the people. The result is often a little messy, but
ultimately human and knowable. Canberra, on the other hand, is like Legoland
with ducks.
For me, Canberra’s strong-armed
approach to ‘lifestyle’ brought out an anarchic streak I never realised I had. I
found myself hurtling around the city like an angry marble in a vacuum cleaner,
desperately resisting the urge to drive over roundabouts and or go Cirque De
Soliel at Floriade with the RoundUp. Those who make Canberra their home,
however, seem to appreciate its charms. Happiness can be found in a city that
wrenches order from chaos, comfort from
unsettling sponteneity. More prosaically they find solace in their staggeringly high incomes
and a collective project of cognitive dissonance. As the weeks progressed I found myself staring at them like safari animals. Clustered around coffee shops, men in ubiquitous black suits, women in muted, stretch
‘chair wear’, lanyards flapping in the fitful wind they’d smile and chat,
fingering their swipe cards like rosary beads, as if part of an exclusive
religious sect, or perhaps on highly paid home detention. Dinner party
conversations often featured
exchanges a little like this,
“Oh I know, I mean, to begin with I was thinking:
Urgh, Canberra! How will I survive a week in the pall of its all-encompassing,
soul-destroying crushing malaise? But that cycleway around the lake is really nice. And it’s so easy to get
around!”
Yes. Getting around. Let’s talk about that, shall we?
We’ve all heard it said that in order to truly find
oneself you must first completely lose oneself. Less clear is whether this
process should unfold through stuttering fits of rage brought on by the
inability to find a two litre bottle of milk. Because, as I discovered, it’s
the newcomer who is most keenly attuned to Canberra’s geographical sense of
distributed order.
In most
“normal” Australian cities you get an intuitive sense of topography. Without
noticing it, subtle cues tell you how to get around. The scale of the housing is usually the first
clue: densely packed apartments grow into sprawling suburbs which in turn meet
with rural land and Greenfield developments. But there are more subtle clues
too. For instance, as you approach the centre of a city you encounter clusters
of shops, bus stops, traffic jams, urban parks, small housing developments,
rubbish bins spilling onto cluttered footpaths and overhead wires. These things
all contribute to an intuitive sense of gathering scale and also give us some
sense of where one might find other geographical features, like a beach,
harbour or river (for the record, a
three and a half hectare roundabout is not a feature). On top of that, most Australian cities are
scalar and radiate generally outwards along main arterial roads. Taken together
these factors result in sense of
direction seems almost intuitive. But it isn’t, it’s simply a function of a
city’s iterative, untidy planning processes, of contested human histories
inscribed on the landscape. It’s a somewhat messy but intensely human sense of
order, and it helps you navigate and begin to feel at home.
In Canberra,
on the other hand, these clues are missing. Canberra’s development was about as
iterative as the Big Bang. It was designed, planned and built in the time it
takes to ‘give that filing cabinet a birthday’. As such, it doesn’t feel like
other cities. This is why you can’t find a petrol station. Or several bottles
of wine. But don’t fret, frustrated newcomer, they planned for this too! A
plethora of large, clear signs guides you around the city (Blade Of Grass,
300m), it’s just that without the other visual clues, they’re somewhat
meaningless.
I don’t,
however, want to give the impression that all is literally lost. Finding a
nationally significant work of art for instance is child’s play, as is locating
several cheery reminders that Australia has wandered into any number of wars.
Canberra’s
bewildering layout holds other advantages too. All this driving around gives a
thoroughgoing appreciation of the city’s architecture. This is, however, the
definition of a mixed blessing. It’s a cruel irony that some of the country’s
most important institutions are enshrined in eye-wateringly ugly concrete
bunkers.
For instance,
the NGA resembles a shoddily rendered, overblown Tuppaware party while the National
Archives looks like someone forgot to build a dam on top of it. In fact, half
of the inner city looks like a skatepark on its side, interspersed with squat
office blocks with the lumpen grandiosity of an East German mausoleum.
Being the capital, Canberra is also
home to some of the most drastic national monuments ever conceived. All are
conveniently located beside main arterial routes. Spend an afternoon hurtling
around one of Canberra’s four thousand roundabouts (an afternoon driving around
Canberra is akin to three hours in a centrifuge – not recommended, although it
does make your hair pleasingly glossy) and you can’t avoid them. I’m
particularly fond of the American-Australian monument that celebrates our
snuggly-wuggly relationship.
The monument’s
brief was that it should be in keeping with “…the wide (flat) horizons of the
Canberra landscape“. At almost 100 meters tall, this thin, tapered rod
punctures the leaden sky, providing a slender perch for a Nazi-style eagle that
peers down across the city. This thing could not be more American if it had a
fingernail on the top of it.
But it’s the rest of the city,
the hunkered-down suburban morass, drearily named for one cardigan wearing
Prime Minister after another, that most unseats the newcomer. Winding through
Canberra it’s easy to experience a rising sense of panic. Bluffed in the Mobius
suburbs, each street identical to the last, your apoplectic exclamations are
noiselessly swallowed by yet another stretch of tidy, blank bungalows. You
could ask someone for directions, but who? Outdoors, humans are sparse and
those that do appear wear worksafe ear-muffs to drown out the leaf blower.
You turn left. Then right. Have I got enough water?
Petrol? Your pulse quickens. Are there any sweets left in the glove box?
Another lap. And another. Is that the McDonalds wrapper I passed an hour ago?
It’s impossible to eventually exit Canberra without
the haunting suspicion that you might have inadvertently purchased a shipping
container’s worth of unpronouncable Swedish furniture.
But, it’s not
all bad. Due to the obscenely high average income and the fact that most
Birkenstocks fly right off before you can land a kick, Canberra has the most
genteel junkie population I’ve ever seen. On
top of that the city hosts some
seriously left-wing social experiments, including thriving community housing
co-operatives, armies of furiously cycling Freegans, and just enough bogans
seeping through from ‘the Bush’ to keep the librarians honest.
And, of course, that cycleway around the lake is really nice